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Cardiac Surgeons and Their Feuds: DeBakey and Cooley

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The second half of the twentieth century was the heyday of cardiac surgery. Inspired by many pioneers working mainly in Europe and North America, new techniques of surgery and even more importantly, new techniques of bypassing the circulation of the heart and lungs, led to a flowering of cardiac surgery which is one of the most important triumphs of medicine. Cardiac surgeons are famously said to be extremely egoistic. I had a teacher who insisted that they had every right to be so, as they were the only humans who could stop and restart the human heart at will. The only other entity who had this ability, he said, was God. Two such egoistic surgeons who were legends in their lifetime and will remain so for centuries to come were Dr Michael De Bakey and Dr Denton Cooley. Dr DeBakey was a decade senior to Dr Cooley. He graduated from Medical School in 1932 and spent time in the Army during the Second World War rising to the post of Colonel. He developed many techniques and was the fi...
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The Man Lilling Leopards of Nagrakata Part 2

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  This is a continuation of the last post on the leopards that have taken to killing humans in the Nagrakata area of the Dooars . That post can be read here.   One of the tea gardens in the area where parts appear to be not maintained. According to locals, this sort of landscape harbours leopards Some sort of change took place in 2019. That year, in this Nagrakata region, there were six major attacks by leopards, three of them led to deaths. The deaths were mainly of children; leopards are leery of attacking adults except when startled. There was a scare at this unnatural increase, but the Covid epidemic intervened, human movement ceased over large parts of the landscape and the scare died away. But since October 2025, there has been a recurrence of deaths. Four deaths over a period of about twelve months have occurred and these deaths have some features that do not fit into the ‘normal’ encounters which as I said earlier mainly occur because of unexpected encounters. The...
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The Man killing Leopards of Nagrakata Part 1

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The Indian Leopard (from www.greenverz.com ) The Dooars , derived from the word "duar," meaning doorway, serves as the gateway to Bhutan and the northeastern Himalayas , stretching across the foothills of the eastern Himalayas in North Bengal . This enchanting region spans from the Teesta River in the west to the Sankosh River in the east, encompassing parts of Jalpaiguri , Alipurduar , and Cooch Behar districts . Characterized by gently undulating terrain, rich alluvial soil, and a network of rivers and streams, the Dooars is a fertile floodplain that supports lush vegetation and vibrant biodiversity. Geographically, the region lies between the Himalayan foothills and the Brahmaputra basin , creating a transitional zone that blends montane and tropical ecosystems. The climate is humid and subtropical, with heavy monsoon rainfall nurturing dense forests and verdant tea gardens . These forests are part of the Eastern Himalayan biodiversity hotspot and include protected ar...
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Rambles in the Darjeeling Terai: Tea Gardens and Jungles

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    MarionBarrie Tea Estate If you take the Mirik Road from Siliguri, you can go via Khaprail or take the route via the Hill cart Road and then turn right across the Sukna Army Camp to the Mirik Road. The road to Rohini branches off to the left as you continue towards the looming hills. The Mirik Road passes through the village of Garidhura, which has a fairly busy market and a pitstop for cars that are either descending or ascending to the hills.   The road runs parallel though at a fair distance from the Balason River.   The Marion Barie Tea Garden occupies the space between the road and the Balason River, but not quite. Adjacent to the River there is a dense patch of forest the so called Balason Forest. This forest is home to myriad birds, hares, mongoose , the occasional leopard and, very importantly, it is a thoroughfare for elephants who intend to cross the Mechi river into Nepal. The afternoon was warm, unseasonably so, considering that it is just the thir...
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Rambles in the Darjeeling Terai : Mongpong village

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  North Bengal is full of unexpected corners, partly forested, partly scrub, partly riverine which are rich in birdlife. They are mostly overlooked by serious birdwatchers who tend to converge in the major bird watching spots. However, some of these neglected areas can be excellent places to spend some profitable hours of birdwatching. One such area is the village of Mongpong. The Teesta as it enters the plains at Sevoke makes a sharp left turn towards Gazaldoba. The road link to the Dooars crosses the river at Coronation Bridge and hugs close to the hills of what is now the Kalimpong District. Between the road and the Teesta is Mongpong. A kutcha road leads down from the Sevok Road and ends near the railway bridge. There are several large trees, including some marvelous simuls. There is a grassland and the Teesta is, of course, close by. The Teesta River Bridge  Further east is the Montong forest proper. To enter this we must have permission, so it is best to stay confine...
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Ramblings in the Darjeeling Terai: The Death of a River

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 (This  was written last year in July)   The monsoon has set in over the past week. It has rained off and on this week and when we leave home the clouds are heavy, threatening to rain at any time. Our first destination today is the Chanta River. According to information available on the internet, it originates in the Mahananda sanctuary, but a Google Earth search suggests that it can be traced up to the Dahukuria area somewhere in the Dagapur region. We turn off from the main road to Shiv Mandir to a smallish road. Initially the road is crowded, small houses and a few apartment buildings. Slowly it becomes a little less crowded and the Chamta River can be seen flowing beside the road. The river is small but there is a good flow. The recent rains have helped to fill the river right up to its banks. A little more rain and it might overflow. Houses have spring up here and there and the river winds around and behind them and there are swampy areas which are more water t...
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Sport and Our Politics

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  Vinesh Phogat  ( from Vinesh Phogat disqualified: What we know so far on Indian wrestler's CAS hearing. 10 points (msn.com) When the Indian wrestler, Vinesh Phogat, was disqualified from her event in the Olympic games, it led to ill-concealed mirth among a section of Indians who are sympathetic to the ruling alliance. The underlying sentiment appeared to be “serve her right”, for having dared to defy the government and one of its minions who used to run the Wrestling Federation of India. The opposition, on the other hand went to town hinting that there was a conspiracy to do her in by the establishment with the tacit encouragement of the powers that be. It reminded me of the last World Cup. Or to be more accurate, the last-to-last World Cup. Cricket World Cups come so thick and fast nowadays that one loses count. I mean the one in which India did so well throughout but lost spectacularly in the finals in its own den. The Prime Minister who had come to bask in the succ...
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Ramblings in the Darjeeling Terai: Elephants in my Backyard

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  This week, three of us visited the Prerna Educational Center in Salugara. The authorities were extremely troubled. On Sunday night, a couple of elephants had entered their grounds, breaking the gate and an adjacent wall. Having done that, they stayed for a long time as the students and staff cowered in the main building. After eating mangoes(!) and jackfruit from the trees in the garden behind the main building, they left as quietly as they had come. Not unnaturally, the authorities were worried. They are in charge of many visually handicapped children. While all the children that we met seemed to be thrilled at their experience, the people in charge of their wellbeing understandably found it frightening that such a thing could occur. And this was not the first time, apparently. Such incursions have been common over the past three years. They had not faced such problems earlier this even though their institution was one of the first in the area when all around them was either g...
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